Neil F. Sharpe

Pressure Proof: Report on Mental Training for Competition and Performance

“There’s so much potential. The constraint lies

with being able to develop it… I’m convinced

that everyone can improve…There's no

cell type that geniuses have that the rest

of us don't.”

-K. Anders Ericsson 

The Cambridge Handbook of Expertise

and Expert Performance



REFERENCES

Papers, Articles, Interviews

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COMT GENE- The following is a selected sampling of papers representing the various aspects and perspectives on research to date:

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Antypa N, Drago A, Serretti A. (2013) The role of COMT gene variants in depression: Bridging neuropsychological, behavioral and clinical phenotypes. Neurosci Biobehav Rev. Sep;37(8):1597-610. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23792050

Marian E. Berryhill, Martin Wiener, Jaclyn A. Stephens, Falk W. Lohoff, H. Branch Coslett(2013) COMT and ANKK1-Taq-Ia Genetic Polymorphisms Influence Visual Working Memory. PLoS One. 2013; 8(1): e55862. Published online 2013 January 31. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0055862

Blanchard M. M., Chamberlain S. R., Roiser J., Robbins T. W., Müller U. (2011). Effects of two dopamine-modulating genes (DAT1 9/10 and COMT Val/Met) on n-back working memory performance in healthy volunteers. Psychol. Med. 41, 611–618. doi: 10.1017/S003329171000098X. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21272388

Campbell D, Bick J, Yrigollen CM, Lee M, Joseph A, Chang JT, Grigorenko EL; Learning Disabilities Project: Zambia. (2013)Schooling and variation in the COMT gene: the devil is in the details. J Child Psychol Psychiatry. Oct;54(10):1056-65.

Colzato LS, van den Wildenberg WP, Hommel B. (2013) Cognitive control and the COMT Val158Met polymorphism: genetic modulation of videogame training and transfer to task-switching efficiency. Psychol Res. Sep 13http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/24030137

de Frias CM, Marklund P, Eriksson E, Larsson A, Oman L, Annerbrink K, Bäckman L, Nilsson LG, Nyberg L. (2010) Influence of COMT gene polymorphism on fMRI-assessed sustained and transient activity during a working memory task. J Cogn Neurosci. 2010 Jul;22(7):1614-22.

Dickinson D, Elvevåg B. (2009) Genes, cognition and brain through a COMT lens. Neuroscience. 2009 Nov 24;164(1):72-87. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19446012

Farrell SM, Tunbridge EM, Braeutigam S, Harrison PJ. (2012) COMT Val(158)Met genotype determines the direction of cognitive effects produced by catechol-O-methyltransferase inhibition. Biol Psychiatry. 2012 Mar 15;71(6):538-44. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22364739

Hernaus D, Collip D, Lataster J, Ceccarini J, Kenis G, Booij L, Pruessner J, Van Laere K, van Winkel R, van Os J, Myin-Germeys I. (2013) COMT Val158Met genotype selectively alters prefrontal [18F]fallypride displacement and subjective feelings of stress in response to a psychosocial stress challenge. J Child Psychol Psychiatry. 2013 Oct;54(10):1056-65. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23799032

Lehto K, Akkermann K, Parik J, Veidebaum T, Harro J. (2013) Effect of COMT Val158Met polymorphism on personality traits and educational attainment in a longitudinal population representative study. Eur Psychiatry. Aug 5. pii: S0924-9338(13)00082-5. doi: 10.1016/j.eurpsy.2013.06.008. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/2392826

Malloy-Diniz LF, Lage GM, Campos SB, de Paula JJ, de Souza Costa D, Romano-Silva MA, de Miranda DM, Correa H. (2013) Association between the Catechol O-Methyltransferase (COMT) Val158met Polymorphism and Different Dimensions of Impulsivity. PLoS One. 2013 Sep 10;8(9):e73509. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0073509 http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/24039968

Mier D., Kirsch P., Meyer-Lindenberg A. (2010). Neural substrates of pleiotropic action of genetic variation in COMT: a meta-analysis. Mol. Psychiatry 15, 918–927. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19417742

Montag C, Buckholtz JW, Hartmann P, Merz M, Burk C, Hennig J, Reuter M. (2008) COMT genetic variation affects fear processing: psychophysiological evidence. Behav Neurosci. Aug;122(4):901-9; http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/18729643

Soeiro-De-Souza MG, Bio DS, David DP, Missio G, Lima B, Fernandes F, Machado-Vieira R, Moreno RA. (2013) Gender effects of the COMT Val158Met genotype on verbal fluency in healthy adults. Mol Med Rep. 2013 Sep;8(3):837-44. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23818048

Stein D. J., Newman T. K., Savitz J., Ramesar R. (2006). Warriors versus worriers: the role of COMT gene variants. CNS Spectrum 11, 745–748. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/17008817

Wardle M. C., de Wit H., Penton-Voak I., Lewis G., Munafò M. R. (2013). Lack of association between COMT and working memory in a population-based cohort of healthy young adults. Neuropsychopharmacology 38, 1253–1263. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3656369/

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Note: Diet can play an important role in performance as illustrated in the following:

Vitamin B Deficiency has been linked to a lesser athletic performance. Please see:

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Also, Musashi Miyamoto (1974) The Book of Five Rings. The Overlook Press (Woodstock, New York); Victor Harris (trans.) Reprinted by various publishers.

http://samuraiconsulting.ca/5rings/

http://www.cyberpathway.com/musashi/

http://www.miyamotomusashi.com/gorin.htm

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http://hbswk.hbs.edu/item/3966.html

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Nideffer, R.M., Sharpe, R. (1978). A.C.T.: Attention Control Training. How To Get Control Of Your Mind Through Total Concentration. New York, Wyden Books.

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Nideffer, R.M. (1985). An Athletes' Guide to Mental Training. Champaign, IL: Human Kinetics. Pgs 1-2.

Nideffer, R.M. (1992). Psyched to Win. Champaign, IL: Leisure Press.

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Petrone Penny (ed.) (1983) First People, First Voices. University of Toronto Press. Toronto Canada. Quote of Chief George Ojibway at p. 107. Crowfoot at p.64.

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An online version is available:

http://www.101zenstories.com/

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